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电子元器件识别检测与焊接（第2版）

作译者：陈学平

出版时间：2025-05 千字数：360 版次：01-01 页数：220

开本：16开装帧： I S B N ：9787121500886

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纸质书定价：￥42.0

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内容简介

前言

上架建议

作者简介

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音视频专区

第1 章 万用表的使用·····································································.1
1.1 指针式万用表······································································.1
1.1.1 指针式万用表的结构······················································.1
1.1.2 指针式万用表的使用前准备和注意事项·······························.3
1.1.3 指针式万用表电阻挡的使用方法········································.3
1.1.4 指针式万用表电压挡的使用方法········································.5
1.1.5 指针式万用表电流挡的使用方法········································.7
1.2 数字万用表·········································································.8
1.2.1 数字万用表的结构和工作原理···········································.8
1.2.2 DT-9205A 数字万用表的使用方法······································.9
1.2.3 DT-9205A 数字万用表的使用注意事项································.11
1.3 技能训练—万用表的使用····················································.11
实训1 指针式万用表的使用···················································.11
实训2 数字万用表的使用······················································.13
第2 章 电阻器的识别与检测····························································.15
2.1 电阻器的感性认识·······························································.15
2.1.1 常见电阻器的外形························································.15
2.1.2 印制电路板上的电阻器··················································.16
2.2 电阻器的分类、型号命名方法及主要参数··································.16
2.2.1 电阻器的分类······························································.16
2.2.2 电阻器的型号命名方法··················································.18
2.2.3 电阻器的主要参数························································.19
2.3 电阻的标注方法··································································.25
2.4 固定电阻器的检测与代换······················································.27
2.4.1 固定电阻器的检测方法··················································.27
2.4.2 固定电阻器的修复与代换···············································.28
2.5 电位器·············································································.29
2.5.1 电位器的作用和分类·····················································.29
2.5.2 常用电位器介绍···························································.30
2.5.3 电位器的选用和质量检测···············································.34
2.5.4 电位器的修复······························································.36
2.6 技能训练—用万用表测量电阻··············································.37
第3 章 电容器的识别与检测····························································.39
3.1 电容器的感性认识·······························································.39
3.1.1 印制电路板上的电容器··················································.39
3.1.2 常见电容器的外形························································.40
3.2 电容器的电容量及单位·························································.42
3.3 电容器的作用及电路符号······················································.43
3.3.1 电容器的作用······························································.43
3.3.2 电容器的电路符号························································.43
3.4 电容器的型号命名方法·························································.43
3.5 电容器的主要参数·······························································.44
3.6 电容器的分类·····································································.46
3.7 常用电容器介绍··································································.46
3.7.1 电解电容器·································································.46
3.7.2 固体有机介质电容器·····················································.47
3.7.3 固体无机介质电容器·····················································.48
3.7.4 可变电容器·································································.49
3.7.5 微调电容器·································································.50
3.8 电容器的选用、代换、检测与修复···········································.51
3.8.1 电容器的选用······························································.51
3.8.2 电容器的代换······························································.52
3.8.3 电容器的检测······························································.52
3.8.4 电容器的修复······························································.53
3.9 技能训练—电容器的识别与检测···········································.53
实训1 电容器的直观识别······················································.53
实训2 电容器的质量检测······················································.54
第4 章 电感器的识别与检测····························································.56
4.1 电感器的感性认识·······························································.56
4.1.1 印制电路板上的电感器··················································.56
4.1.2 常见电感器的外形························································.57
4.2 电感器的定义、分类及电路符号··············································.58
4.2.1 电感器的定义······························································.58
4.2.2 电感器的分类······························································.58
4.2.3 电感器的电路符号························································.58
4.3 电感器的主要参数·······························································.58
4.4 电感器的分类和特点····························································.60
4.4.1 单层空心线圈······························································.60
4.4.2 多层线圈····································································.60
4.4.3 蜂房式线圈·································································.60
4.4.4 磁芯线圈····································································.61
4.4.5 扼流线圈····································································.61
4.4.6 脱胎空心线圈······························································.61
4.5 小型固定电感器的标识方法···················································.62
4.6 电感器的应用·····································································.63
4.7 电感器的检测与代换····························································.64
4.7.1 电感器的检测······························································.64
4.7.2 电感器的代换······························································.65
4.8 变压器·············································································.65
4.8.1 变压器的概述······························································.65
4.8.2 变压器的分类······························································.66
4.8.3 变压器的基本结构························································.68
4.8.4 变压器的参数······························································.69
4.8.5 变压器的参数检测························································.69
4.8.6 常用变压器介绍···························································.71
4.8.7 变压器的选用与代换·····················································.74
4.8.8 电源变压器的检测························································.74
4.8.9 行输出变压器的检测·····················································.75
4.9 技能训练—电感器、变压器的识别与检测································.76
实训1 电感器的直观识别······················································.76
实训2 电感器的质量检测及变压器一次、二次绕组的判别··············.76
第5 章 二极管的识别与检测····························································.78
5.1 二极管的感性认识·······························································.78
5.1.1 常见二极管的外形························································.78
5.1.2 印制电路板上的二极管··················································.79
5.2 二极管的电路符号·······························································.79
5.3 国产二极管的型号命名方法···················································.80
5.4 二极管的分类·····································································.80
5.4.1 按PN 结构造分类·························································.80
5.4.2 按用途分类·································································.82
5.5 二极管的主要参数·······························································.85
5.6 二极管的特性与应用····························································.86
5.7 二极管的识别、检测与代换···················································.87
5.7.1 二极管的识别与检测·····················································.87
5.7.2 二极管的选用与代换·····················································.89
5.8 技能训练—二极管的识别与检测···········································.91
第6 章 三极管的识别与检测····························································.93
6.1 三极管的感性认识·······························································.93
6.1.1 印制电路板上的三极管··················································.93
6.1.2 常见三极管的外形························································.93
6.2 三极管的结构与电路符号······················································.94
6.2.1 三极管的结构······························································.94
6.2.2 三极管的电路符号························································.95
6.3 三极管的分类·····································································.95
6.4 国产三极管的型号命名方法···················································.96
6.5 三极管在电路中的工作状态···················································.97
6.6 三极管的作用·····································································.97
6.7 三极管的识别·····································································.98
6.7.1 三极管电极的直观识别··················································.98
6.7.2 用指针式万用表判别三极管电极·······································.98
6.7.3 用指针式万用表测量三极管放大倍数·································.99
6.7.4 用数字万用表判别三极管电极··········································.99
6.7.5 三极管的质量检测························································.99
6.8 三极管的选用与代换··························································.101
6.8.1 三极管的选用····························································.101
6.8.2 三极管的代换····························································.103
6.9 技能训练—三极管的识别与检测·········································.104
第7 章 晶闸管的识别与检测··························································.106
7.1 晶闸管的感性认识·····························································.106
7.1.1 印制电路板上的晶闸管················································.106
7.1.2 常见晶闸管的外形······················································.106
7.2 晶闸管的概念和结构··························································.107
7.3 晶闸管的工作特性·····························································.107
7.4 晶闸管的分类···································································.108
7.5 单向晶闸管和双向晶闸管····················································.108
7.5.1 单向晶闸管的外形······················································.108
7.5.2 用指针式万用表判别单向晶闸管·····································.109
7.5.3 双向晶闸管的结构和电路符号········································.109
7.5.4 用指针式万用表判别双向晶闸管·······································110
7.6 晶闸管的选用及代换····························································111
7.6.1 晶闸管的选用······························································111
7.6.2 晶闸管的代换······························································112
7.7 技能训练—晶闸管的识别与检测···········································112
第8 章 场效应管的识别与检测·························································115
8.1 场效应管的感性认识····························································115
8.1.1 印制电路板上的场效应管···············································115
8.1.2 常见场效应管的外形·····················································115
8.2 场效应管的概念、特点和分类·················································116
8.2.1 场效应管的概念···························································116
8.2.2 场效应管的特点和分类··················································116
8.3 结型场效应管·····································································116
8.3.1 结型场效应管的结构和电路符号·······································116
8.3.2 结型场效应管的工作原理···············································117
8.4 绝缘栅场效应管··································································117
8.4.1 N 沟道增强型绝缘栅场效应管··········································117
8.4.2 N 沟道耗尽型绝缘栅场效应管··········································118
8.5 场效应管的主要参数····························································118
8.6 场效应管的特点··································································119
8.7 场效应管的型号命名方法······················································119
8.8 场效应管的作用································································.120
8.9 场效应管的应用································································.120
8.10 场效应管的检测和使用······················································.121
8.10.1 用指针式万用表检测场效应管······································.121
8.10.2 场效应管的使用注意事项············································.123
8.10.3 VMOS 场效应管的检测与使用······································.123
8.11 技能训练—场效应管的识别与检测·····································.125
第9 章 集成稳压器的识别与检测····················································.128
9.1 集成稳压器的感性认识·······················································.128
9.2 78××系列集成稳压器··························································.128
9.2.1 78××系列集成稳压器的性能特点·····································.128
9.2.2 78××系列集成稳压器的检测方法·····································.129
9.3 79××系列集成稳压器··························································.130
9.3.1 79××系列集成稳压器的性能特点·····································.130
9.3.2 79××系列集成稳压器的检测方法·····································.130
9.4 三端可调集成稳压器··························································.131
9.4.1 三端可调集成稳压器的分类和性能特点····························.131
9.4.2 三端可调集成稳压器的外形···········································.131
9.4.3 三端可调集成稳压器的基本应用电路·······························.132
9.4.4 三端可调集成稳压器的检测方法·····································.132
9.5 技能训练—集成稳压器的应用············································.133
第10 章 集成电路的识别与检测·····················································.136
10.1 集成电路的感性认识·························································.136
10.1.1 集成电路的封装形式··················································.136
10.1.2 印制电路板上的集成电路············································.136
10.2 集成电路的基本知识·························································.137
10.2.1 集成电路的分类························································.137
10.2.2 集成电路的型号························································.138
10.2.3 集成电路的封装························································.138
10.2.4 集成电路的使用························································.144
10.3 集成电路的选用、代换与检测·············································.145
10.3.1 集成电路的选用与代换···············································.145
10.3.2 集成电路的检测························································.146
10.4 技能训练—集成电路的识别与检测·····································.148
第11 章 焊接训练·······································································.150
11.1 焊接材料·······································································.150
11.1.1 焊料······································································.150
11.1.2 助焊剂···································································.151
11.1.3 阻焊剂···································································.152
11.2 手工焊接技术·································································.153
11.2.1 焊接操作姿势与注意事项············································.153
11.2.2 手工焊接的要求························································.154
11.2.3 五步操作法·····························································.156
11.2.4 手工焊接的操作要领··················································.157
11.3 实用焊接技术·································································.159
11.3.1 印制电路板的焊接·····················································.159
11.3.2 导线的焊接·····························································.160
11.3.3 易损电子元器件的焊接···············································.161
11.4 焊接质量的检查······························································.162
11.4.1 焊点缺陷及质量分析··················································.162
11.4.2 直观检查································································.165
11.4.3 手触检查································································.166
11.4.4 通电检查································································.166
11.5 拆焊·············································································.166
11.6 技能训练—焊接与拆焊···················································.168
实训1 电烙铁的使用··························································.168
实训2 焊接大头针·····························································.169
实训3 焊点练习································································.170
实训4 导线焊接································································.170
实训5 焊接练习································································.171
实训6 铜丝造型焊接··························································.172
实训7 焊接电子元器件·······················································.173
实训8 焊接实用电路（电子产品） ·········································.173
实训9 检测与评价焊点质量·················································.174
实训10 装焊技术综合训练（焊接考核） ·································.174
实训11 调光台灯电路的制作与调试·······································.176
附录A 电子元器件识别与检测技能··················································.179
综合训练1 电阻器的识别与检测················································.179
综合训练2 电容器的识别与检测················································.186
综合训练3 电感器、变压器的识别与检测·····································.192
综合训练4 半导体器件的识别与检测··········································.197
参考文献······················································································211

随着电子信息产业的发展，与电子制造相关的各类行业对技能型人才的需求与日俱增。
电子信息产业需要大量的电子产品安装调试人员、电子产品检测维修人员，而他们都需要
有较强的电子技术基本技能才能胜任工作。
本书各章相对独立，介绍的知识面宽、内容精练、文字简明、浅显易懂、实用性强。
在形式结构和内容上具有鲜明的特色，每章先对电子元器件进行基础介绍，然后逐渐加深
学生对电子元器件的认识，并对电子元器件进行检测，最后一章专门介绍了焊接技巧，对
本书的知识进行巩固。
本书的主要内容如下：第1 章介绍了万用表的使用；第2 章介绍了电阻器的识别与检测；
第3 章介绍了电容器的识别与检测；第4 章介绍了电感器的识别与检测；第5 章介绍了二
极管的识别与检测；第6 章介绍了三极管的识别与检测；第7 章介绍了晶闸管的识别与检
测；第8 章介绍了场效应管的识别与检测；第9 章介绍了集成稳压器的识别与检测；第10
章介绍了集成电路的识别与检测；第11 章进行了焊接训练；附录A 给出了电子元器件识别
与检测技能综合训练任务，帮助学生巩固学习知识并提高就业能力。
本书在内容上深入浅出，强调综合概念的形成与技能技术的掌握，淡化了理论性与系
统性，突出了实用、够用原则，大大提高了从书本知识到实际动手能力的转化效率，最大
限度地提高学生的专业素质和综合应用能力。
本书采用新形态教材编写样式，提供了近百个微课教学视频，并生成二维码，实现扫
码即学，提供了与教材配套的电子教学课件（以小任务形式制作）、可灵活选用的教案、课
程标准、授课计划，体现了新质生产力背景下数字化、智能化技术的应用，提供了多种形
式的辅助学习材料。
本书配套的教学资源请到华信教育资源网注册后免费下载。
本书由重庆电子科技职业大学陈学平担任主编。本书在编写过程中参考了电子技术方
面的相关文章与资料，在此一并向这些文章与资料的作者表示感谢。此外，还要感谢家人
对编者的支持。
编者水平有限，书中难免存在不妥之处，敬请广大读者批评指正。
编 者

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