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Java Web实操：基于IntelliJ IDEA、JDBC、Servlet、Ajax、Nexus、Maven

作译者：高洪岩

出版时间：2021-11 千字数：796 版次：01-01 页数：652

开本：16开装帧： I S B N ：9787121421662

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目 录 
第 1 章 IntelliJ IDEA 常用技巧 ················································································.1 
1.1 初次配置 IntelliJ IDEA ···············································································.2 
1.2 创建 Java 项目 ···························································································.4
1.2.1 关联 JDK 并创建 Java 项目 ······································································.4
1.2.2 查看项目结构 ·······················································································.6
1.2.3 创建 Java 类 ·························································································.6
1.2.4 运行 Java 类 ·························································································.7
1.3 IntelliJ IDEA 相关配置与使用技巧 ······························································.7 
1.3.1 配置界面皮肤 ·······················································································.8
1.3.2 设置 Eclipse 风格的快捷键 ······································································.8
1.3.3 更改代码编辑器文字大小 ········································································.8
1.3.4 快速生成代码 ························································································.8
1.3.5 设置快捷键“Alt+/” ···············································································.9
1.3.6 设置代码完成对大小写不敏感 ·································································.10
1.3.7 配置 JDK ···························································································.11
1.3.8 设置自动编译 ······················································································.13
1.3.10 抛出异常 ··························································································.13
1.3.11 使用“Ctrl+Alt+T”快捷键生成代码块 ····················································.13
1.3.12 使用 Generate 菜单生成方法 ··································································.14
1.3.13 使用 fori 生成 for 语句 ·········································································.16
1.3.14 实现自动导入的功能 ···········································································.16
1.3.15 实现水平或垂直分屏的功能 ··································································.16
1.3.16 树形显示包结构 ·················································································.17
1.3.17 设置“F2”键用于改名 ········································································.18
1.3.18 将类的方法抽取成接口 ········································································.18
1.3.19 Maven 项目下载源代码和帮助文档 ·························································.19
 Java Web 实操 
1.3.20 Find Usages 菜单查看方法调用 ······························································.20
1.3.21 增加控制台保存输出信息的缓冲区大小 ···················································.20
1.3.22 增加可用内存 ····················································································.21
1.3.23 启用 Toolbar ······················································································.21
1.3.24 显示方法分割符 ·················································································.21
1.3.25 设置文件编码 ····················································································.22
1.3.26 使用快捷键找到对应的功能名称 ····························································.24
1.3.27 使用快捷键自动生成返回值或声明变量 ···················································.24
1.3.28 使用快捷键实现代码导航 ·····································································.24
1.3.29 使用“F4”键查看类继承结构 ·······························································.24
1.3.30 使用快捷键查看类大纲结构 ··································································.24
1.3.31 使用快捷键搜索与替换文本功能 ····························································.25
1.3.32 使用“Ctrl+H”快捷键实现查询更大范围的功能 ········································.25
1.3.33 使用“Shift”键实现全局搜索 ·······························································.26
1.3.34 生成 UML 类图 ··················································································.27
1.3.35 使用快捷键查看方法的重写或实现 ····························································.28
1.3.36 使用快捷键查看文件 ···········································································.28
1.3.37 生成.jar 文件 ·····················································································.29
1.3.38 设置显示 API 文档提示框的延迟时间 ······················································.31
1.3.39 使用多行 Tab 显示 ··············································································.32
1.3.40 设置背景图片 ····················································································.32
1.3.41 自动生成 serialVersionUID 属性 ······························································.33
1.3.42 查看当前文件的位置 ···········································································.33
1.3.43 禁用 toString()方法查看对象内容 ····························································.34
1.3.44 设置注释不在最前面 ···········································································.35
1.3.45 连接数据库的配置 ··············································································.36
1.3.46 实现在控制台中进行查询 ·····································································.39
1.3.47 获取完整的包类路径 ···········································································.39
1.3.48 导入/导出 IntelliJ IDEA 的配置 ·······························································.40
1.3.49 使用 Toolbox App 管理 IntelliJ IDEA ························································.40
1.3.50 还原默认界面布局 ··············································································.41
1.3.51 使用内置控制台 ·················································································.41
VIII 
目 录 
1.3.52 查看参数信息 ····················································································.42
第 2 章 IntelliJ IDEA 核心技能 ···············································································.43 
2.1 调试 Java 代码 ··························································································.43
2.1.1 准备调试代码 ······················································································.43
2.1.2 设置断点 ····························································································.44
2.1.3 调试 ··································································································.44
2.1.4 跟踪按钮解释 ······················································································.44
2.1.5 更改“force step into”按钮快捷键 ···························································.44
2.1.6 查看所有断点 ······················································································.45
2.1.7 设置条件断点 ······················································································.46
2.1.8 正确终止进程 ······················································································.46
2.1.9 设置运行到光标处暂停 ··········································································.47
2.1.10 显示完整包路径 ·················································································.47
2.2 为 Java 项目引用 jar 包文件 ······································································.48 
2.2.1 使用 Global Libraries 引用 jar 包文件 ·························································.48
2.2.2 使用 Libraries 引用 jar 包文件 ··································································.52
2.2.3 使用 Add as Library 引用 jar 包文件 ··························································.54
2.3 对 Java 项目导出的.jar 文件实现转换 ························································.56 
2.4 创建 Web 项目 ··························································································.57 
2.4.1 创建 Java 项目并配置 Web 环境 ·······························································.57
2.4.2 使用向导创建 Servlet ············································································.59
2.4.3 添加与 Servlet 相关的.jar 文件依赖 ···························································.59
2.4.4 完善 Servlet 代码 ··················································································.59
2.4.5 创建 test1.jsp 文件 ················································································.60
2.4.6 关联 Tomcat ························································································.60
2.4.7 运行项目并解决 Tomcat 启动乱码 ····························································.62
2.4.8 实现热部署 ·························································································.63
2.4.9 上传文件路径的小提示 ··········································································.64
2.4.10 禁止启动 Tomcat 完成后弹出网页 ···························································.64
2.4.11 设置.html 文件自动缩进 ·······································································.64
2.4.12 导出 war 包文件 ·················································································.65
IX 
 Java Web 实操 
2.5 创建 Maven Web 项目 ···············································································.66 
2.5.1 搭建 Maven 环境 ··················································································.67
2.5.2 创建 Maven Web 项目 ············································································.69
2.5.3 改变 JDK 版本 ·····················································································.71
2.5.4 创建 java 和 resource 文件夹 ···································································.71
2.5.5 其他方式创建 java 和 resources 文件夹 ······················································.72
2.5.6 创建 Servlet 类 ·····················································································.73
2.5.7 创建 JSP 文件 ······················································································.74
2.5.8 启动项目并解决 Servlet 打印乱码的问题 ····················································.75
2.5.9 解决 EL 表达式无效的问题 ····································································.75
2.5.10 导出 war 包文件 ·················································································.76
2.6 创建 Maven Java 项目并导出.jar 文件 ························································.77 
2.6.1 创建 Maven Java 项目 ············································································.77
2.6.2 编辑 pom.xml 文件 ···············································································.79
2.6.3 创建运行类 ·························································································.79
2.6.4 执行运行类 ·························································································.80
2.6.5 打包并在 CMD 中运行类 ·······································································.80
2.7 配置全局 Maven ·······················································································.81
2.8 多 Modules 模块 Web 环境的搭建—非 Maven 环境 ·································.82 
2.8.1 创建父项目 ·························································································.82
2.8.2 创建 DAO 子模块 ·················································································.83
2.8.3 创建 Service 子模块 ··············································································.84
2.8.4 创建 Web 子模块 ··················································································.84
2.8.5 在 DAO 模块中创建实体类及 DAO 类 ·······················································.85
2.8.6 在 Service 模块中引用 DAO 模块 ·····························································.86
2.8.7 创建 Global Libraries 全局库 ···································································.88
2.8.8 在 Web 模块中创建 Servlet ·····································································.88
2.8.9 创建 JSP 视图 ······················································································.89
2.8.10 启动 Tomcat 并解决类找不到的异常 ························································.90
2.8.11 导出.war 文件 ····················································································.91
2.9 多 Modules 模块 Web 环境的搭建—Maven 环境 ·····································.92 
2.9.1 创建父项目 ·························································································.92
X 
目 录 
2.9.2 创建 DAO 子模块 ·················································································.92
2.9.3 创建 Service 子模块和 Web 子模块 ···························································.93
2.9.4 给 DAO 模块中的 pom.xml 文件添加依赖 ··················································.95
2.9.5 在 DAO 模块中创建 DAO 类 ···································································.95
2.9.6 在 Service 模块中创建业务类并引用 DAO 模块 ···········································.95
2.9.7 在 Web 模块中配置 Sources Root 文件夹 ····················································.96
2.9.8 给 Web 模块中的 pom.xml 文件添加依赖 ···················································.96
2.9.9 创建 Servlet ························································································.96
2.9.10 运行项目 ··························································································.97
2.9.11 导出.war 文件 ····················································································.97
2.10 多 Web Modules 模块环境的搭建—非 Maven 环境 ···································.98
2.10.1 创建 Empty Project ··············································································.98
2.10.2 创建 Web 模块 ···················································································.98
2.10.3 创建 Servlet ·······················································································.99
2.10.4 配置 Tomcat ······················································································.99
2.10.5 启动 Tomcat ····················································································.103
2.10.6 导出.war 文件 ··················································································.103
第 3 章 JDBC 核心技术 ·······················································································.104
3.1 什么是 JDBC ··························································································.104
3.2 为什么要使用 JDBC ···············································································.104
3.3 什么是 JDBC 驱动 ··················································································.106
3.4 JDBC 核心接口介绍 ···············································································.107
3.4.1 Driver ······························································································.107
3.4.2 Connection ························································································.109
3.4.3 Statement ··························································································.110
3.4.4 ResultSet ···························································································.111
3.4.5 PreparedStatement ···············································································.113
3.5 创建 Driver 对象 ·····················································································.114
3.6 创建 Connection 对象 ··············································································.114
3.7 创建 Statement 对象 ················································································.115
3.8 创建 ResultSet 对象 ·················································································.116
XI 
 Java Web 实操 
3.9 使用 Statement 接口有损软件的安全性 ····················································.117
3.10 创建 PreparedStatement 接口 ··································································.119
3.11 PreparedStatement 的预编译特性 ····························································.122
3.12 PreparedStatement 执行效率高 ·······························································.123
3.13 不同方式注册驱动的比较 ······································································.125
3.13.1 方法 1 ····························································································.125
3.13.2 方法 2 ····························································································.125
3.13.3 方法 3 ····························································································.126
3.13.4 读懂源代码的基本知识 ······································································.126
3.13.5 针对 MySQL 驱动源码分析 ·································································.127
3.13.6 针对 Oracle 驱动源码分析 ···································································.129
3.13.7 方法 3 的原理 ··················································································.130
3.13.8 三种方法的使用场景 ·········································································.132
3.14 使用 PreparedStatement 实现记录的增删改 ·············································.133
3.15 建议释放资源放入 finally 块 ··································································.136
3.16 实现 Connection 工厂类 ·········································································.142
3.17 多条件查询 ···························································································.145
3.18 DTO、ENTITY 和 DAO 介绍 ································································.147
3.19 将 JDBC 操作封装为 DAO 数据访问对象···············································.150
3.20 允许 MySQL 被远程访问 ······································································.156
第 4 章 JDBC 实战技术 ·······················································································.157
4.1 元数据的获取 ·························································································.157
4.2 简化 CURD 的操作代码 ··········································································.161
4.3 反射与泛型结合为泛型 DAO ··································································.163
4.4 数据源和连接池的使用 ···········································································.170
4.4.1 创建数据源接口的实现类 ·····································································.171
4.4.2 使用驱动提供的 DataSource 接口的实现类 ···············································.174
4.4.3 DataSource 接口的弊端 ········································································.175
4.4.4 连接池 ·····························································································.178
4.4.5 不使用连接池与使用连接池的比较 ·························································.179
4.4.6 HikariCP 作为连接池···········································································.180
XII 
目 录 
4.5 在 JDBC 中处理数据库的事务 ·································································.182
4.6 多事务导致转账发生异常不回滚 ·····························································.187
4.7 使用 ThreadLocal 解决问题 ·····································································.193
4.8 使用 JDBC 操作 CLOB ···········································································.200
4.8.1 添加 CLOB 类型的数据 ·······································································.200
4.8.2 获取 CLOB 字段中的数据 ····································································.201
4.9 使用 JDBC 操作 BLOB ···········································································.203
4.9.1 添加 BLOB 类型的数据 ·······································································.203
4.9.2 获取 BLOB 字段的数据 ·······································································.205
4.10 实现 Batch 批处理 ·················································································.207
4.11 插入 Date 数据类型并查询区间 ·····························································.210
4.12 返回最新版的 ID 值 ··············································································.212
4.13 事务的 ACID 特性 ················································································.214
4.14 数据库事务的类型 ················································································.215
4.15 脏读、可重复读、不可重复读及幻读的解释 ··········································.216
4.16 事务隔离级别 ·······················································································.217
4.16.1 TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED ·············································.217
4.16.2 TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED ··················································.224
4.16.3 TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ ·················································.231
4.16.4 TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE ························································.238
第 5 章 Servlet 核心技术 ·····················································································.245
5.1 Servlet 简介 ····························································································.245
5.2 更改访问 Tomcat 的端口号 ······································································.247
5.3 Servlet 技术开发 ·····················································································.248
5.3.1 Servlet 的继承与实现关系 ····································································.249
5.3.2 创建基于 xml 的 Servlet 案例 ································································.251
5.3.3 正确与错误配置 Servlet 的不同情况 ························································.254
5.3.4 创建基于注解的 Servlet 案例 ·································································.257
5.3.5 接口 Servlet ······················································································.259
5.3.6 接口 ServletConfig ··············································································.267
5.3.7 使用＜load-on-startup＞配置 Servlet ···························································.275
XIII 
 Java Web 实操 
5.3.8 使用注解实现＜load-on-startup＞的功能 ·····················································.276
5.3.9 执行 doGet()方法或 doPost()方法的方式 ···················································.278
5.3.10 doGet()方法与 doPost()方法的区别 ························································.280
5.3.11 Application context 选项的作用 ·····························································.282
5.3.12 HttpServletRequest 和 HttpServletResponse 接口的使用 ·······························.282
5.3.13 配置 Servlet 具有后缀 ········································································.317
5.4 请求与响应 ····························································································.318 
5.4.1 请求/响应模型 ···················································································.318
5.4.2 请求与响应的数据格式 ········································································.319
5.5 使用 Servlet+JDBC 实现基于 Web 的 CURD 增删改查 ······························.323
第 6 章 Cookie 对象 ····························································································.340
6.1 创建 Cookie ····························································································.340
6.2 查询 Cookie ····························································································.342
6.3 修改 Cookie ····························································································.343
6.4 删除 Cookie ····························································································.343
6.5 设置 setMaxAge()值为负数 ······································································.344
6.6 使用 Cookie 存储中文或空格 ···································································.344
6.7 为什么找不到 Cookie ··············································································.345
6.8 创建工具类封装 Cookie 操作 ···································································.346
6.9 使用 Cookie 实现免登录 ··········································································.348
第 7 章 HttpSession 接口 ····················································································.351
7.1 HttpSession 接口的使用 ···········································································.352
7.2 HttpServletRequest 接口与 HttpSession 的区别 ··········································.353
7.3 Session 与 Cookie 的运行机制 ·································································.355
7.4 HttpSession 接口与 URL 重写 ··································································.358
7.5 使用 HttpSession 实现免登录功能 ····························································.363
7.6 使用 HttpSession 实现简易购物车功能 ·····················································.365
7.6.1 创建一个 V 层 ···················································································.366
7.6.2 创建三个 C 层 ···················································································.366
7.6.3 创建两个 entity 实体类 ········································································.368
7.6.4 创建两个 DAO 数据访问层 ···································································.369
XIV 
目 录 
7.6.5 创建三个 Model 业务逻辑层 ·································································.370
第 8 章 ServletContext 接口 ················································································.372
8.1 session 中的数据是私有的 ·······································································.373
8.2 ServletContext 中的数据是公共的 ····························································.374
8.3 ServletConfig.getInitParameter()方法的弊端 ··················································.375
8.4 使用 ServletContext.getInitParameter()方法解决问题 ·································.377
8.5 实现 charset 编码可配置 ··········································································.379 
8.6 使用 getRealPath("/")方法获取项目运行的路径 ············································.380
第 9 章 Filter 接口 ·······························································································.381
9.1 Filter 的使用 ···························································································.382
9.2 Filter 的生命周期 ····················································································.385
9.3 获取私有/公共 init 初始化参数 ································································.387
9.4 使用注解声明 Filter ················································································.389
9.5 过滤链的顺序——xml 方式 ·····································································.390
9.6 过滤链的顺序——annotation 方式 ···························································.392
9.7 使用 Filter 实现编码的处理 ·····································································.393
9.8 Filter 拦截请求和转发 ·············································································.395
9.9 使用 Filter 实现权限验证 ·········································································.398
9.10 综合使用 Filter+ThreadLocal+Cookie 实现解耦合 ·······································.401
9.11 使用 Cookie 实现购物车的核心逻辑 ······················································.406
第 10 章 Listener 接口 ························································································.412
10.1 HttpSessionActivationListener 接口的使用 ···············································.412
10.2 HttpSessionAttributeListener 接口的使用 ·················································.416
10.3 HttpSessionBindingListener 接口的使用 ··················································.418
10.4 HttpSessionListener 接口的使用 ·····························································.420
10.5 ServletContextAttributeListener 接口的使用 ·············································.421
10.6 ServletContextListener 接口的使用 ·························································.424
10.7 ServletRequestAttributeListener 接口的使用 ············································.427
10.8 ServletRequestListener 接口的使用 ·························································.429
10.9 HttpSessionIdListener 接口的使用 ··························································.430
XV 
 Java Web 实操 
10.10 使用 HttpSessionListener 接口实现在线人数统计 ·······························.432 
第 11 章 JSP-JSTL-EL 必备技术 ·········································································.435 
11.1 JSP 技术 ·······························································································.435 
11.1.1 使用 Servlet 生成网页 ········································································.435
11.1.2 使用 JSP 生成网页 ············································································.436
11.1.3 在 JSP 中执行 Java 程序 ·····································································.438
11.1.4 JSP 本质上是 Servlet ··········································································.440
11.1.5 JSP 文件的内容 ················································································.445
11.1.6 JSP 的指令 ······················································································.447
11.1.7 几种指令的区别 ···············································································.448
11.1.8 验证 Servlet 使用 write()方法和 print()方法进行输出 ··································.449
11.1.9 从 Servlet 转发到 JSP 文件 ··································································.452
11.1.10 Java 代码块＜%%＞和＜%!%＞的区别 ······················································.453
11.1.11 内置对象 pageContext 的使用 ·····························································.455
11.1.12 常用内置对象的使用 ········································································.457
11.1.13 使用 pageContext 向不同作用域中存取值 ··············································.459
11.1.14 使用＜%@ include file=""%＞指令静态导入其他资源 ·································.460
11.1.15 使用＜jsp:include page=" "＞动态导入其他资源 ·········································.461
11.1.16 JSP 的注释 ····················································································.462
11.1.17 使用＜jsp:useBean＞，＜jsp:setProperty＞和＜jsp:getProperty＞访问类信息 ···········.463
11.1.18 使用＜jsp:forward page=""＞实现转发 ·····················································.465
11.2 JSTL 和 EL 表达式 ················································································.466 
11.2.1 使用 EL 表达式获取字符串 ·································································.466
11.2.2 使用 EL 表达式获取 JavaBean 中的数据 ·················································.467
11.2.3 使用 EL 表达式查找数据 ····································································.467
11.2.4 key 优先获取作用域小的 scope 值 ·························································.468
11.2.5 使用 EL 表达式获取指定作用域中的值 ··················································.468
11.2.6 使用 EL 表达式打印 property 属性名 ·····················································.468
11.2.7 使用 EL 表达式获取 List，array[]与 Map 中的数据 ···································.469
11.2.8 使用 EL 表达式输出 NULL 值 ······························································.471
11.2.9 使用 EL 表达式打印嵌套中的值 ···························································.472
XVI 
目 录 
11.2.10 在 EL 表达式中使用 empty 进行空的判断 ··············································.472
11.2.11 使用${param}获取 URL 中的参数值 ····················································.474
11.2.12 使用 JSTL 表达式进行逻辑处理 ··························································.474
11.2.13 对 Date 进行 String 格式化 ·································································.477
11.3 实现基于 MVC 的 CURD 增删改查 ························································.477
第 12 章 异步处理 AJAX 技术 ·············································································.493
12.1 实现无传参无返回值——get 提交方式 ···················································.494
12.2 实现有传参无返回值——get 提交方式 ···················································.495
12.3 实现无传参无返回值——post 提交方式 ·················································.496
12.4 实现有传参无返回值——post 提交方式 ·················································.497
12.5 实现无传参有返回值 String——get 提交方式 ·········································.497
12.6 实现无传参有返回值 XML——get 提交方式 ··········································.499
12.7 实现异步效果 ·······················································································.500
12.8 实现同步效果 ·······················································································.501
12.9 实现无刷新 login 登录案例 ····································································.502
12.10 formdata 和 payload 提交 ······································································.504
12.10.1 测试 get 方式传输数据需要依赖 URL ···················································.506
12.10.2 测试 post 提交使用 formdata 方式传输数据 ············································.508
12.10.3 测试 post 提交使用 payload 方式传输数据 ·············································.511
12.11 实现文件上传：＜form＞有刷新 ·····························································.513
12.12 实现文件上传：AJAX 无刷新 ······························································.515
第 13 章 搭建 Maven Nexus 私服环境 ································································.516
13.1 下载 Nexus OSS 版本 ············································································.517
13.2 配置 Nexus OSS 环境变量 ·····································································.520
13.3 安装服务和启动服务 ·············································································.520
13.4 登录 Nexus ···························································································.521
13.5 重置 Nexus 登录密码 ············································································.523
13.6 解决连接异常 ·······················································································.524
13.7 仓库的类型 ···························································································.526
13.8 创建 hosted 类型的 Maven 仓库 ·····························································.527
13.9 创建 proxy 类型的 Maven 仓库 ······························································.529
XVII 
 Java Web 实操 
13.10 创建 group 类型的 Maven 仓库 ····························································.531
13.11 group-local-proxy 仓库之间的关系 ························································.532
13.12 配置 Nexus 私服 URL ··········································································.532
13.13 配置登录 Nexus 的账号和密码 ·····························································.533
13.14 开启 SNAPSHOT 版本支持 ··································································.534
13.15 确认 maven-group 仓库内容为空 ··························································.535
13.16 在 IDEA 中创建测试用的项目 ·····························································.536
13.17 创建 Java 类和执行 deploy 操作 ···························································.537
13.18 成功进行依赖 ·····················································································.540
13.19 获取最新的 RELEASE 版本 ·································································.542
13.20 在 Maven 仓库中进行搜索 ···································································.543
第 14 章 Maven 项目生命周期 ············································································.545
14.1 生命周期 ······························································································.545
14.1.1 clean 生命周期 ·················································································.546
14.1.2 default 生命周期 ···············································································.546
14.1.3 site 生命周期 ···················································································.547
14.2 创建测试项目 ·······················································································.550
14.3 clean 菜单的使用 ··················································································.553
14.4 validate 菜单的使用 ···············································································.553
14.5 compile 菜单的使用 ··············································································.555
14.6 test 菜单的使用 ·····················································································.556
14.7 package 菜单的使用 ··············································································.557
14.8 verify 菜单的使用 ·················································································.558
14.9 install 菜单的使用 ·················································································.558
14.10 site 菜单的使用 ···················································································.559
14.11 deploy 菜单的使用 ···············································································.560
第 15 章 Maven 依赖的应用 ················································································.561
15.1 依赖的范围 ···························································································.561
15.1.1 依赖范围：compile ···········································································.561
15.1.2 依赖范围：test ·················································································.564
15.1.3 依赖范围：provided ··········································································.565
XVIII 
目 录 
15.1.4 依赖范围：runtime ············································································.566
15.1.5 四种依赖范围总结 ············································································.568
15.2 传递性依赖和依赖范围 ·········································································.568
15.3 依赖调解 ······························································································.573
15.3.1 最短路径 ························································································.573
15.3.2 路径相同 ························································································.576
15.4 可选依赖 ······························································································.577
15.5 排除依赖 ······························································································.580
15.6 集中处理版本 ·······················································································.582
15.7 显示依赖结构 ·······················································································.584
15.7.1 在 IDEA 中显示依赖结构 ···································································.584
15.7.2 使用命令 mvn dependency:list 显示依赖列表 ············································.586
15.7.3 使用命令 mvn dependency:tree 显示依赖树 ··············································.587
15.7.4 使用命令 mvn dependency:analyze 分析依赖 ············································.588
15.8 依赖 snapshot 版本的自动更新特性 ························································.590 
15.9 将 source 源代码打包并发布 ··································································.593
15.10 跳过测试 ·························································································.594
第 16 章 Maven 的聚合与继承 ············································································.596 
16.1 项目的聚合 ···························································································.596
16.1.1 创建父项目 ·····················································································.596
16.1.2 创建 DAO 子模块 ·············································································.597
16.1.3 创建 Service 子模块和 Web 子模块 ························································.598
16.1.4 编辑 DAO 子模块中的 pom.xml 配置文件 ···············································.600
16.1.5 创建 DAO 类并发布 ··········································································.600
16.1.6 创建 Service 类并引用 DAO 子模块 ·······················································.601
16.1.7 编辑 Service 子模块中的 pom.xml 配置文件并发布 ···································.602
16.1.8 创建 java 和 resources 文件夹 ·······························································.603
16.1.9 添加 Servlet 和 JSTL 依赖 ···································································.603
16.1.10 创建 Servlet 类并引用 Service 子模块 ···················································.603
16.1.11 编辑 Web 子模块中的 pom.xml 配置文件并发布 ······································.604
16.1.12 运行项目 ·······················································································.605
XIX 
 Java Web 实操 
16.1.13 自动导出 war 包文件 ········································································.605
16.1.14 远程仓库中的内容 ···········································································.606
16.2 实现项目的继承 ····················································································.607
16.2.1 搭建继承环境 ··················································································.608
16.2.2 配置＜dependencyManagement＞＜/dependencyManagement＞ ···························.616
16.2.3 配置＜scope＞import＜/scope＞依赖范围 ·····················································.622
16.2.4 配置＜pluginManagement＞＜/pluginManagement＞ ········································.628

前 言 
每当有 Java 学习者问我，怎么样才能学好 SSM（Spring-SpringMVC-MyBatis）
时，我都会陷入沉思，原因并不是不能立即给予答案，而是内心非常愧疚，又有学
习者遇到了迷茫点，而我能为他们做些什么呢？这就是本书出版的主要原因。
有 SSM 开发经验的人都知道，SSM 的基础是 Java SE 和 Java Web。如果在学习
SSM 之前没有打好 Java Web 的基础，则往往会遇到前面学习者同样的问题。因为
SSM 内部就是把 Java Web 相关的技术进行封装，如果不知道 Java Web 基础的技术
原理，又怎么能学好和写好 SSM 呢？
笔者认为，在从 Java SE 到 SSM 的过程中，最关键的技术是 Java Web 开发，它
能起到承上启下的作用。Java Web 能把 Java SE 传统的控制台开发方式转移到基于
B/S 架构的 Web 开发，能把从 Java SE 中学习的技术点应用到实际的 Web 场景。学
习 Java Web 后，读者能立即做一些小项目，如记事本、博客、留言板、企业网站等，
增加了他们继续学习的信心。当看到自己写的程序成功运行在互联网上时，那种学
会之后的成就感和自信心，只有经历过的人才能体会。
本书的写作风格是以案例的形式结合手把手式的教学，每一个小节都是一个技
术点，每一章就是一个学习目标和学习结果。本书由浅入深地介绍知识点，中间还
穿插一些浏览器开发者工具的使用，还深入 Tomcat 源代码探究技术的实现原理、剖
析 JDBC 驱动源代码内部的细节等，力求尽可能多地介绍更有实战价值的知识点，
让读者有所收获。
全书共分为 16 章：
第 1 章主要介绍 IntelliJ IDEA 开发工具的 50 多个常用的使用技巧，这些都是笔
者在开发中高频率使用的，有些技巧能大幅提升开发效率。学习后，也许你会感叹
 Java Web 实操 
IDE 具有如此强大的功能，操作方便，插件丰富，可以对提升开发效率产生事半功
倍的效果。
第 2 章主要介绍 IntelliJ IDEA 开发工具的核心技能，如调试程序代码、创建非
Maven 和 Maven 的 Java Web 项目、导出 jar 和 war 包文件、创建非 Maven 和 Maven
的多模块项目环境，还介绍了非 Maven 环境下的多 Web 模块的项目搭建，这些都是
Java 开发要创建的项目类型。本书基本上把常用的项目搭建场景都做了介绍，涵盖
面较广。
第 3 章主要介绍 JDBC 的核心技术，包含 JDBC 接口的介绍、不同注册驱动写
法的区别、使用 JDBC 实现基本的 CURD 操作、如何避免 SQL 注入、预编译的原理、
JDBC 使用 finally 的必要性、多条件查询、封装 DAO 类等。
第 4 章主要介绍 JDBC 的实战技术，本章也是学习 JDBC 的重点内容。可以说，
MyBatis 框架中提供的核心功能的内部实现在本章都有介绍，如 JDBC 结合高性能的
连接池框架 HikariCP、在 JDBC 中如何处理事务、转账操作发生异常时事务为什么
不回滚及解决办法、使用 JDBC 操作 CLOB 和 BLOB 类型的数据、Batch 批处理的
使用、操作 Date 数据类型。另外，还介绍了 ACID 特性及对脏读、不可重复读和幻
读的理论解释。最为重要的是，本章用大量篇幅介绍了事务隔离性的代码实现，以
及与脏读、不可重复读和幻读的关系，并配有完整的代码进行论证，遵守“少废话，
上代码”的写作方式。
第 5 章主要介绍 Servlet 的核心技术，属于 Java Web 最核心的技术，详细介绍
了 Servlet 接口、ServletConfig 接口和 Servlet 接口的关系，以及接口中全部 API 的
应用实现，还详细介绍了 HttpServletRequest 和 HttpServletResponse 接口中常用 API
的使用，以及两种请求提交方式在传输内容及格式上的区别，并使用 Servlet+JDBC
实现基于 Web 的 CURD。 第 6 章主要介绍如何使用 Cookie 对象，在此基础上结合浏览器开发者工具，把
Cookie 在请求和响应中的传输过程进行可视化介绍，这样有助于读者学习
HttpSession，因为 HttpSession 的技术原理就是 Cookie。另外，还介绍了对 Cookie
IV 
前 言 
V 
进行 CURD 操作、在 Cookie 中读写中文等常用案例。
第 7 章主要介绍如何使用 HttpSession 接口，同时结合浏览器开发者工具，从内
部执行流程上查看 Cookie 和 HttpSession 的关系和完整的处理过程，还介绍了
HttpSession 中的 URL 重写技术、使用 HttpSession 实现简易版购物车等案例。可以
说，通过对本章内容的学习，读者会对 HttpSession 的原理有更加深入的了解。
第 8 章主要介绍如何使用 ServletContext 接口，介绍了 ServletContext 接口的使
用场景、与初始化参数的结合使用、实现 charset 编码可配置等常用案例。
第 9 章主要介绍如何使用 Filter 接口，该接口是 Java Web 开发中比较常用的技
术点，主要介绍了 Filter 的生命周期、私有/公共初始化参数的使用、使用注解声明
Filter、过滤链、使用 Filter 实现编码处理、过滤转发和请求、实现权限验证、结合
ThreadLocal 对 CookieTools 进行解耦等常用的使用案例。
第 10 章主要介绍如何使用 Listener 接口，将常用的 Listener 接口结合代码进行
详细介绍。
第 11 章主要介绍 JSP，JSTL 和 EL 必备技术，包含 JSP 和 Servlet 的关系、常
用 JSP 指令的使用、JSP 内部对象的使用、JSTL 和 EL 的使用，以及设计纯正的基
于 MVC 模式的分层应用。
第 12 章主要介绍异步处理 Ajax 技术，包含无参和有参、无返回值和有返回值
等常见场景的使用、get()和 post()两种方法的使用、异步和同步在执行上的区别、
formdata 和 payload 在提交格式上的区别、实现 form 有刷新和 Ajax 无刷新文件上传
等实战案例。
第 13 章主要介绍搭建 Maven Nexus 私服环境，包含下载 Nexus、安装 Nexus、
配置 Nexus，还介绍了 hosted，proxy 和 group 仓库的区别及在使用上的联系，并结
合 IDEA 实现 RELEASE 和 SNAPSHOT 版本的管理。
第 14 章主要介绍在 IDEA 中处理 Maven 项目的生命周期，并把 IDEA 中与 Maven
生命周期有关的菜单以案例的方式进行详细讲解。
第 15 章主要介绍 Maven 依赖的应用，包含依赖范围、依赖调解、可选依赖、
排除依赖、集中处理版本、显示依赖结构、源代码打包、跳过测试等常用使用方式。
 Java Web 实操 
第 16 章主要介绍 Maven 的聚合与继承，包含使用聚合和继承的目的及优势，
并在 IDEA 环境下创建这两种环境，目的是在实际的软件项目中更好地管理 Maven
项目。
虽然在此不能全部罗列本书讲解的技术点，但相信读者用心阅读本书后一定会
有所收获。笔者对本书的整理花费大量精力，力求使 Java Web 技术最核心的内容得
以体现，因为不管是现阶段的 SSM 框架还是未来更高级 Java Web 框架的出现，它
们的核心原理还是这些内容，因此，学好这些内容，再学习任何框架都不会怕。
本书的出版离不开背后辛勤工作的朋友，非常感谢李淑丽编辑对本书出版的付
出，李姐，辛苦了！还要感谢那些与我并没有直接交集的编辑们，虽然与他们素不
相识，但内心依然有很真诚的感谢。最后，也要感谢我的家人，我的爸爸、妈妈和
老婆，还有我最可爱的儿子高晟京，看到你们为家庭默默地付出，我该做些什么予
以报答呢？只有好好学习，好好工作！祝所有人身体健康。
高洪岩 于天津工业大学
2021-07-06

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