首页 > 科技 > 电子技术 > 电子技术应用

电机和电源控制中的最新微控制器技术

作译者：工业和信息化部人才交流中心,恩智浦（中国）管理有限公司

出版时间：2018-07 千字数：320 版次：01-01 页数：360

开本：16开装帧： I S B N ：9787121345876

换版：

纸质书定价：￥79.0

库存:有

分享到：

共有图书评论0条【查看评论摘要】

看了又看

{{data.bookName}}

￥{{data.price}}

内容简介

前言

上架建议

作者简介

编辑推荐

音视频专区

第1 章 电力电子技术应用综述············································· 001
1.1 电力电子技术发展现状··················································· 002
1.2 市场应用场景······························································· 005
1.3 未来发展方向展望························································· 010
1.4 小结··········································································· 011
第2 章 电机和电源控制简介················································· 013
2.1 常见电机类型及其控制技术············································· 014
2.1.1 直流电机····························································· 014
2.1.2 交流电机····························································· 016
2.2 常见电力电子变换拓扑··················································· 020
2.2.1 整流电路····························································· 021
2.2.2 降压斩波电路······················································ 024
2.2.3 升压斩波电路······················································· 025
2.2.4 升降压斩波电路···················································· 025
2.2.5 谐振变换器电路···················································· 026
2.3 感应式无线充电技术······················································ 029
2.4 小结··········································································· 031
第3 章 电机和电源控制中的微控制器技术介绍······················ 033
3.1 典型电机和电源数字控制系统架构···································· 034
3.2 电机和电源控制中的微控制器技术概况······························ 036
3.2.1 电机和电源控制中的微控制器技术发展现状················ 037
3.2.2 电机和电源控制中的微控制器技术发展趋势················ 041
3.2.3 恩智浦半导体电机和电源微控制器产品路线规划
及主要特点·························································· 043
3.3 小结··········································································· 046
第4 章 控制软件编程基础及相关调试技术····························· 049
4.1 数字控制软件编程基础··················································· 050
4.1.1 信号数字化处理···················································· 050
4.1.2 变量定标····························································· 052
4.1.3 参数标幺表示······················································· 053
4.2 实时控制软件架构实现简介············································· 054
4.2.1 状态机································································ 054
4.2.2 时序调度机制······················································· 057
4.3 实时控制软件开发及调试················································ 058
4.3.1 实时控制软件库的应用··········································· 058
4.3.2 实时调试工具······················································· 064
4.3.3 相关调试技巧······················································· 068
4.4 小结··········································································· 070
第5 章 永磁同步电机的数字控制·········································· 071
5.1 永磁同步电机的数学模型················································ 072
5.1.1 三相永磁同步电机数学模型···································· 073
5.1.2 两相静止坐标系的数学模型···································· 074
5.1.3 两相转子同步坐标系的数学模型······························ 075
5.1.4 坐标变换····························································· 077
5.2 永磁同步电机的磁场定向控制·········································· 078
5.2.1 电流控制环························································· 079
5.2.2 转速控制环························································· 082
5.3 最大转矩电流比和弱磁控制············································· 083
5.3.1 最大转矩电流比控制············································· 084
5.3.2 弱磁控制····························································· 087
5.4 无位置传感器控制························································· 092
5.4.1 基于反电动势的位置估计······································· 092
5.4.2 基于高频信号注入的位置估计································· 096
5.4.3 基于定子磁通的位置估计······································· 099
5.5 电机控制所需的微控制器资源·········································· 102
5.5.1 脉冲宽度调制器（PWM） ······································ 103
5.5.2 模/数转换器（ADC） ············································ 105
5.5.3 正交解码器（DEC） ············································· 105
5.5.4 定时器（Timer） ·················································· 106
5.5.5 PWM 和ADC 硬件同步·········································· 106
5.6 典型永磁同步电机控制方案············································· 107
5.6.1 带位置传感器的伺服控制······································· 107
5.6.2 无位置传感器的磁场定向控制································· 109
5.6.3 典型案例分析—风机控制···································· 110
5.7 小结··········································································· 125
第6 章 无刷直流电机的数字控制·········································· 127
6.1 无刷直流电机模型························································· 128
6.1.1 无刷直流电机的本体结构········································ 128
6.1.2 无刷直流电机的数学模型········································ 129
6.2 六步换相控制及所需的微控制器资源································· 131
6.2.1 无刷直流电机六步换相控制的基本原理······················ 131
6.2.2 六步换相PWM 调制方式及其对电压和电流的影响······· 133
6.2.3 六步换相无传感器控制··········································· 138
6.2.4 六步换相控制所需的微控制器资源···························· 140
6.3 典型无刷直流电机控制方案············································· 141
6.3.1 基于KE02 的无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制············· 142
6.3.2 基于MC9S08SU16 的无人机电调解决方案·················· 148
6.4 小结··········································································· 152
第7 章 开关磁阻电机的数字控制·········································· 153
7.1 开关磁阻电机的基本工作原理·········································· 154
7.1.1 电机结构····························································· 154
7.1.2 电磁转矩的产生···················································· 155
7.1.3 绕组反电动势······················································· 157
7.2 两相SRM 的数字控制···················································· 158
7.2.1 PWM 控制下的绕组导通模式··································· 159
7.2.2 电压控制方法······················································· 160
7.2.3 检测电流峰值的无位置传感器控制方法······················ 161
7.2.4 电机从静止开始起动·············································· 163
7.2.5 电机从非静止时开始起动········································ 166
7.2.6 两相SRM 数字控制所需的微控制器资源··················· 166
7.3 典型方案分析—高速真空吸尘器···································· 167
7.3.1 系统介绍····························································· 167
7.3.2 相电流与母线电压的检测······································· 170
7.3.3 电机的控制流程··················································· 175
7.3.4 峰值电流的检测方法············································· 184
7.4 小结··········································································· 185
第8 章 交流感应电机的数字控制·········································· 187
8.1 交流感应电机模型························································· 188
8.1.1 交流感应电机的本体结构······································· 188
8.1.2 交流感应电机的控制方法概述································· 190
8.1.3 交流感应电机的数学模型······································· 191
8.2 转子磁链定向控制························································· 194
8.2.1 最大转矩电流比控制············································· 196
8.2.2 交流感应电机弱磁控制·········································· 198
8.2.3 定子电压解耦······················································ 199
8.2.4 带位置传感器时转子磁链位置估算··························· 200
8.2.5 无位置传感器控制················································ 201
8.3 典型交流感应电机控制方案············································· 206
8.3.1 控制环路介绍······················································ 207
8.3.2 低成本电流及转速采样实现方案······························ 209
8.3.3 转子时间常数校正················································ 214
8.3.4 应用软件设计······················································ 215
8.3.5 系统时序设计······················································ 216
8.4 小结··········································································· 218
第9 章 步进电机的数字控制················································· 219
9.1 步进电机工作原理························································· 220
9.1.1 步进电机的结构简介·············································· 220
9.1.2 步进电机的工作原理简介········································ 221
9.2 位置开环的细分控制及所需的微控制器资源························ 223
9.2.1 细分控制····························································· 223
9.2.2 驱动电路和PWM 方法··········································· 225
9.2.3 步进电机位置开环的控制结构·································· 228
9.3 位置闭环的矢量控制及所需的微控制器资源························ 229
9.3.1 步进电机矢量控制················································· 229
9.3.2 步进电机弱磁控制················································· 231
9.3.3 步进伺服的典型控制结构········································ 234
9.3.4 转速计算原理及结合微控制器的应用························· 235
9.4 典型步进电机控制方案··················································· 239
9.5 小结··········································································· 245
第10 章 AC/DC 变换器的数字控制······································· 247
10.1 AC/DC 变换器工作原理················································· 248
10.1.1 PFC 基本工作原理··············································· 249
10.1.2 LLC 谐振变换器基本工作原理································ 251
10.2 PFC 的数字控制··························································· 254
10.2.1 控制策略··························································· 254
10.2.2 电流控制器设计·················································· 255
10.2.3 PFC 数字控制所需的微控制器资源·························· 257
10.3 LLC 的数字控制·························································· 259
10.3.1 控制策略··························································· 259
10.3.2 LLC 谐振变换器数字控制所需的微控制器资源·········· 262
10.4 典型案例分析—高效服务器电源·································· 263
10.4.1 图腾柱无桥PFC 系统实现····································· 264
10.4.2 LLC 谐振变换器系统实现····································· 268
10.5 小结········································································· 274
第11 章 感应式无线充电的数字控制····································· 275
11.1 感应式无线充电工作原理·············································· 276
11.1.1 能量的传输方式·················································· 277
11.1.2 通信方式及解调简介············································ 279
11.2 无线充电标准Qi ························································· 281
11.2.1 通信方式详述····················································· 281
11.2.2 系统控制··························································· 283
11.3 Qi 标准感应式无线充电微控制器··································· 289
11.3.1 无线充电微控制器介绍········································· 289
11.3.2 Qi 标准无线充电发射器硬件模块···························· 291
11.3.3 无线充电发射器软件架构及重要功能实现················· 293
11.3.4 无线充电重要功能的数字实现方式·························· 296
11.4 无线充电典型应用······················································· 301
11.4.1 消费及工业类无线充电发射器································ 301
11.4.2 车载无线充电发射器············································ 303
11.4.3 恩智浦半导体无线充电发射器主要模块···················· 305
11.4.4 恩智浦半导体无线充电接收器简介·························· 312
11.4.5 系统主要性能指标··············································· 315
11.5 小结········································································· 318
参考文献················································································ 319

序一
中国经济已经由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期。习近平总书记在党的十九大报告中明确指出，要坚持新发展理念，主动参与和推动经济全球化进程，发展更高层次的开放型经济，不断壮大我国的经济实力和综合国力。
对于我国的集成电路产业来说，当前正是一个实现产业跨越式发展的重要战略机遇期，前景十分光明，挑战也十分严峻。在政策层面，2014年《国家集成电路产业发展推进纲要》发布，提出到2030年产业链主要环节达到国际先进水平，实现跨越发展的发展目标；2015年，国务院提出“中国制造2025”，将集成电路产业列为重点领域突破发展首位；2016年，国务院颁布《“十三五”国家信息化规划》，提出构建现代信息技术和产业生态体系，推进核心技术超越工程，其中集成电路被放在了首位。在技术层面，目前全球集成电路产业已进入重大调整变革期，中国集成电路技术创新能力和中高端芯片供给水平正在提升，中国企业设计、封测水平正在加快迈向第一阵营。在应用层面，5G移动通信、物联网、人工智能等技术逐步成熟，各类智能终端、物联网、汽车电子及工业控制领域的需求将推动集成电路的稳步增长，因此集成电路产业将成为这些产品创新发展的战略制高点。
展望“十三五”，中国集成电路产业必将迎来重大发展，特别是党的十九大提出要加快建设制造强国，加快发展先进制造业，推动互联网、大数据、人工智能和实体经济深度融合等新的要求，给集成电路发展开拓了新的发展空间，使得集成电路产业由技术驱动模式转化为需求和效率优先模式。在这样的大背景下，通过高层次的全球合作来促进我国国内集成电路产业的崛起，将成为我们发展集成电路的一个重要抓手。
在推进集成电路产业发展的过程中，建立创新体系、构建产业竞争力，最终都要落实在人才上。人才培养是集成电路产业发展的一个核心组成部分，我们的政府、企业、科研和出版单位对此都承担着重要的责任和义务。所以我们非常支持工业和信息化部人才交流中心、恩智浦（中国）管理有限公司、电子工业出版社共同组织出版这套“物联网与人工智能应用开发丛书”。这套丛书集中了众多一线工程师和技术人员的集体智慧和经验，并且经过了行业专家学者的反复论证。我希望广大读者可以将这套丛书作为日常工作中的一套工具书，指导应用开发工作，还能够以这套丛书为基础，从应用角度对我们未来产业的发展进行探索，并与中国的发展特色紧密结合，服务中国集成电路产业的转型升级。

刁石京 工业和信息化部电子信息司司长
2018年1月 

序二
随着摩尔定律逐步逼近极限，以及云计算、大数据、物联网、人工智能、5G等新兴应用领域的兴起，细分领域竞争格局加快重塑，围绕资金、技术、产品、人才等全方位的竞争加剧，当前全球集成电路产业进入了发展的重大转型期和变革期。
自2014年《国家集成电路产业发展推进纲要》发布以来，随着“中国制造2025”“互联网+”、大数据等国家战略的深入推进，国内集成电路市场需求规模进一步扩大，产业发展空间进一步增大，发展环境进一步优化。在市场需求拉动和国家相关政策的支持下，我国集成电路产业继续保持平稳快速、稳中有进的发展态势，产业规模稳步增长，技术水平持续提升，资本运作渐趋活跃，国际合作层次不断提升。
集成电路产业是一个高度全球化的产业，发展集成电路需要强调自主创新，也要强调开放与国际合作，中国不可能关起门来发展集成电路。
集成电路产业的发展需要知识的不断更新。这一点随着云计算、大数据、物联网、人工智能、5G等新业务、新平台的不断出现，已经显得越来越重要、越来越迫切。由工业和信息化部人才交流中心、恩智浦（中国）管理有限公司与电子工业出版社共同组织编写的“物联网与人工智能应用开发丛书”，是我们产业开展国际知识交流与合作的一次有益尝试。我们希望看到更多国内外企业持续为我国集成电路产业的人才培养和知识更新提供有效的支撑，通过各方的共同努力，真正实现中国集成电路产业的跨越式发展。
丁文武
2018年1月 


序三
尽管有些人认为全球集成电路产业已经迈入成熟期，但随着新兴产业的崛起，集成电路技术还将继续演进，并长期扮演核心关键角色。事实上，到现在为止还没有出现集成电路的替代技术。
中国已经成为全球最大的集成电路市场，产业布局基本合理，各领域进步明显。2016年，中国集成电路产业出现了三个里程碑事件：第一，中国集成电路产业第一次出现制造、设计、封测三个领域销售规模均超过1000亿元，改变了多年来始终封测领头，设计和制造跟随的局面；第二，设计业超过封测业成为集成电路产业最大的组成部分，这是中国集成电路产业向好发展的重要信号；第三，中国集成电路制造业增速首次超过设计业和封测业，达到最快。随着中国经济的增长，中国集成电路产业的发展也将继续保持良好态势。未来中国将保持世界电子产品生产大国的地位，对集成电路的需求还会维持在高位。与此同时，我们也必须认识到，国内集成电路的自给率不高，在很长一段时间内对外依存度会停留在较高水平。
我们要充分利用当前物联网、人工智能、大数据、云计算加速发展的契机，实现我国集成电路产业的跨越式发展，一是要对自己的发展有清醒的认识；二是要保持足够的定力，不忘初心、下定决心；三是要紧紧围绕产品，以产品为中心，高端通用芯片必须面向主战场。
产业要发展，人才是决定性因素。目前我国集成电路产业的人才情况不容乐观，人才缺口很大，人才数量和质量均需大幅度提升。与市场、资本相比，人才的缺失是中国集成电路产业面临的最大变量。人才的成长来自知识的更新和经验的积累。我国一直强调产学研结合、全价值链推动产业发展，加强企业、研究机构、学校之间的交流合作，对于集成电路产业的人才培养和知识更新有非常正面的促进作用。由工业和信息化部人才交流中心、恩智浦（中国）管理有限公司与电子工业出版社共同组织编写的这套“物联网与人工智能应用开发丛书”，内容涉及安全应用与微控制器固件开发、电机控制与USB技术应用、车联网与电动汽车电池管理、汽车控制技术应用等物联网与人工智能应用开发的多个方面，对于专业技术人员的实际工作具有很强的指导价值。我对参与丛书编写的专家、学者和工程师们表示感谢，并衷心希望能够有越来越多的国际优秀企业参与到我国集成电路产业发展的大潮中来，实现全球技术与经验和中国市场需求的融合，支持我国产业的长期可持续发展。

魏少军 教授 
清华大学微电子所所长
2018年1月 


序四
千里之行 始于足下

人工智能与物联网、大数据的完美结合，正在成为未来十年新一轮科技与产业革命的主旋律。随之而来的各个行业对计算、控制、连接、存储及安全功能的强劲需求，也再次把半导体集成电路产业推向了中国乃至全球经济的风口浪尖。
历次产业革命所带来的冲击往往是颠覆性的改变。当我们正为目不暇接的电子信息技术创新的风起云涌而喝彩，为庞大的产业资金在政府和金融机构的热推下，正以前所未有的规模和速度投入集成电路行业而惊叹的同时，不少业界有识之士已经敏锐地意识到，构成并驱动即将到来的智能化社会的每一个电子系统、功能模块、底层软件乃至检测技术都面临着巨大的量变与质变。毫无疑问，一个以集成电路和相应软件为核心的电子信息系统的深度而全面的更新换代浪潮正在向我们走来。
如此的产业巨变不仅引发了人工智能在不远的将来是否会取代人类工作的思考，更加现实而且紧迫的问题在于，我们每一个人的知识结构和理解能力能否跟得上这一轮技术革新的发展步伐？内容及架构更新相对缓慢的传统教材以及漫无边际的网络资料，是否足以为我们及时勾勒出物联网与人工智能应用的重点要素？在如今仅凭独到的商业模式和靠免费获取的流量，就可以瞬间增加企业市值的IT盛宴里，我们的工程师们需要静下心来思考在哪些方面练好基本功，才能在未来翻天覆地般的技术变革时代立于不败之地。
带着这些问题，我们在政府和国内众多知名院校的热心支持与合作下，精心选题，推敲琢磨，策划了这一套以物联网与人工智能的开发实践为主线，以集成电路核心器件及相应软件开发的最新应用为基础的科技系列丛书，以期对在人工智能新时代所面对的一些重要技术课题提出抛砖引玉式的线索和思路。
本套丛书的准备工作始终得到了工业和信息化部电子信息司刁石京司长，国家集成电路产业投资基金股份有限公司丁文武总裁，清华大学微电子所所长魏少军教授，工业和信息化部人才交流中心王希征主任、李宁副主任，电子工业出版社党委书记、社长王传臣的肯定与支持，恩智浦半导体的任霞女士、张伊雯女士、陈劼女士，以及恩智浦半导体各个产品技术部门的技术专家们为丛书的编写组织工作付出了大量的心血，电子工业出版社的董亚峰先生、徐蔷薇女士为丛书的编辑出版做了精心的规划。著书育人，功在后世，借此机会表示衷心的感谢。

未来已来，新一代产业革命的大趋势把我们推上了又一程充满精彩和想象空间的科技之旅。在憧憬人工智能和物联网即将给整个人类社会带来的无限机遇和美好前景的同时，打好基础，不忘初心，用知识充实脚下的每一步，又何尝不是一个主动迎接未来的良好途径？

郑力 
写于2018年拉斯维加斯CES科技展会现场

前沿
物联网和人工智能应用的热潮已经袭来，万物互联和智能化运行将是未
来世界的发展趋势。作为供电系统的电源设备和作为执行机构的电机系统，
更需要进行网络化和智能化的管理与操作，要实现这个目标，必须基于微控
制器设计数字控制的电机和电源系统。
本书是“物联网与人工智能应用开发丛书”中的一本，主要从工程实践
的角度出发，结合恩智浦用于电机和电源控制的微控制器产品介绍了主流电
机类型和电源拓扑的控制。除了理论介绍，本书篇幅上着墨于实际工程开发，
分享基于恩智浦微控制器控制的经验和方法。电机控制部分包括永磁同步电
机（PMSM）的无位置传感器矢量控制（FOC）和有位置传感器的伺服控制、
基于转子磁链定向的交流异步电机（ACIM）的矢量控制、无刷直流电机的
无位置传感器控制、开关磁阻电机的无位置传感器峰值电流检测控制、步进
电机的位置开环细分控制和位置闭环伺服控制；电源控制部分包括以图腾柱
XVIII│电机和电源控制中的最新微控制器技术
无桥式PFC变换器和LLC DC/DC谐振变换器为例的AC/DC控制，以及符合无
线充电联盟（WPC）Qi标准的15瓦感应式无线充电系统的控制。
本书的读者需要具备电机/电源及其控制的相关知识和微控制器的基本
知识。本书可以为高校电气、电力电子专业的研究生和企业工程技术人员提
供参考和借鉴。
全书共11章，第1章和第4章由王玲玲执笔，第2章由周序伟、高翔和王德
昌共同执笔，第3章由叶万富执笔，第5章由刘华东执笔，第6章和第8章由丁
文双执笔，第7章由周序伟执笔，第9章由李树楠执笔，第10章由高翔执笔，
第11章由王德昌执笔。全书由叶万富负责策划统稿。张阳杰、江登宇、王力、
赵萍和毛欢参与了前期的材料准备和后期的校对工作，在此一并表示衷心的
感谢。
感谢本丛书专家指导委员会的各位专家对本书大纲给予的宝贵建议，感
谢在本书的编写过程中给予指导和建议的老师和工程师同事们。书中不足之
处，恳请广大读者批评指正。
物联网与人工智能应用开发丛书
《电机和电源控制中的最新微控制器技术》作者团队
2018年2月

查看更多 > 图书评论

暂无评论

发表图书评论

评论标题：
评论内容：
验证码：: 看不清楚
点击刷新
: 您还没有登录，请登录后再评论。
点击“登录”

购买过本书的顾客还买过

{{data.bookName}}

￥{{data.price}}